16 Dec 2021
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MVC Shares National Action Plan with COPD Workgroup Attendees

December 16, 2021 | 0 Comments | , ,

The Michigan Value Collaborative (MVC) held a bi-monthly virtual workgroup recently on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition that accounts for the majority of deaths from chronic lower respiratory diseases and is continuously a leading cause of death in the United States. Notably, COPD is nearly two times as prevalent in rural areas as it is in urban areas; therefore, MVC members in rural areas may be dealing with significant inequities within their patient populations. The workgroup presentation and discussion focused on the COPD National Action Plan (CNAP). To the Coordinating Center’s surprise, many workgroup participants had not previously heard of the CNAP, making this event a great opportunity for practice sharing and discussion among members.

Overcoming barriers to prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, and management of COPD is necessary to improve quality of life and reduce mortality. To address these barriers, the U.S. Congress; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a town hall where they asked federal and nonfederal partners to develop an action plan. These partners were tasked with identifying the efforts needed to change the course of COPD. The result was the development of the COPD National Action Plan (CNAP), which was released in 2017 and updated in 2019. It consists of five goals, which were outlined and discussed during the workgroup (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Slide from COPD Workgroup Presentation

Goal 1 calls for promoting more public awareness and understanding of COPD, especially among patients and their caregivers. Key opportunities include patient and caregiver education that is sustainable and culturally appropriate, technological support mechanisms, and connecting patients and caregivers to local and state resources.

Goal 2 focuses on increasing the skills and education of healthcare providers so they are better equipped to provide comprehensive care. This goal is supported by the development and dissemination of patient-centric, clinical practice guidelines for care delivery, the use of technological support mechanisms, and consideration of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs. It’s important to note that studies have found no statistically or clinically significant differences for health-related quality of life and exercise capacity among patients who have completed home-based vs. outpatient-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Goal 3 encourages increased data collection, analysis, and sharing to create a better understanding of disease patterns. Opportunities within this goal include supporting pharmaceutical and clinical COPD research; identifying and delivering comprehensive, evidence-based, culturally appropriate interventions; and disseminating findings to a variety of audiences (from patients to national policymakers).

Goal 4 aims to increase and sustain COPD research to improve understanding of the disease and its diagnosis and treatment. It’s vital that clinicians, researchers, and health policy experts foster research across the COPD continuum (prevention, diagnosis, treatment, management). Workgroup attendees agreed that there are opportunities to improve equity among COPD patients through more data on diagnosed and undiagnosed COPD in disadvantaged patients. Another vital component of this goal is supporting and sustaining pharmaceutical research for COPD medications since none of the existing medications for COPD have been shown to reduce the progressive decline in lung function.

Goal 5 calls for federal and nonfederal partners to collaborate to meet the objectives of the CNAP and translate its recommendations into research and action. Workgroup attendees highlighted the importance of implementing CNAP equitably among both urban and rural regions and implementing COPD strategies at all health policy levels (national, state, local). Such opportunities could improve access to cost-effective and affordable COPD support services and expand support for and access to pulmonary rehabilitation services (including home-based PR), thus reducing health inequities among COPD patients.

Each of the five CNAP goals is equally important and vital in reducing COPD health disparities. Although many of the MVC workgroup participants had not heard of the CNAP before, they were interested in sharing its goals and opportunities with others in their healthcare organization. If you would like to learn more about this patient-centered national action plan, you can read the full published report here. If your organization has addressed the CNAP goals or implemented any of the discussed opportunities, the MVC Coordinating Center would like to hear about the successes, challenges, and lessons learned. If you would like to share this information or present at an upcoming MVC workgroup, please email MVC at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

09 Dec 2021
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Reports Identify Opportunity to Reduce Preoperative Testing

December 9, 2021 | 0 Comments |

MVC distributed its final push report of 2021 this week when the Coordinating Center distributed preoperative testing reports to members. It provided recipients with refreshed data using only Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan claims in order to provide the most up-to-date and granular preoperative testing information available.

In general, the report demonstrated significant variation in testing rates between members, with preoperative testing rates ranging from 20% to over 90%. The average overall testing rate was 56% when looking at only the BCBSM payers, whereas the rate was 62% when looking at all payers in the earlier version of the report from February of 2021. The report included overall testing rate (Figure 1), preoperative testing rate trends over time (Figure 1), and rates for specific tests and procedures.

Figure 1. Blinded Preoperative Testing Push Report Graphs

Due to the amount of variation, MVC suspects that preoperative testing is overused at the state level such that even hospitals that are average or below average may still have significant opportunities to safely reduce preoperative testing.

Preoperative testing, especially in low-risk surgical procedures, often provides no clinical benefits to patients. Despite this, these services continue to be ordered regularly at hospitals across Michigan. Eliminating unnecessary and, in some cases, potentially harmful preoperative testing represents a clear opportunity to improve value in surgery. The MVC Coordinating Center uses administrative claims data and engagement with MVC members to try and reduce the use of unnecessary preoperative testing for surgical procedures to improve quality, reduce cost, and improve equity of care delivery throughout Michigan. The MVC Coordinating Center’s work on this issue is supported by a stakeholder working group to advise ongoing activity and provide insights on the best approaches to improve member awareness and practices.

This latest preoperative testing report also marked the conclusion of one year’s worth of activity in support of MVC’s Preoperative Testing Value Coalition Campaign. As part of MVC’s commitment to improve the health of Michigan through sustainable, high-value healthcare, the Coordinating Center developed specific focus areas to drive improvement. These are termed ‘Value Coalition Campaigns’ (VCCs).

In an effort to communicate progress on its Preoperative Testing VCC, the Coordinating Center recently compiled a 2021 Preoperative Testing Progress Report (see Figure 2) and included it as an attachment with the most recent report communications. Accomplishments included the development of educational flyers and resources, a published manuscript, partnerships with fellow Collaborative Quality Initiatives (CQIs), and custom analytics prepared for members. In addition, the Coordinating Center set several goals for 2022, such as developing provider-level reporting and hosting a dedicated symposium or workgroup, among others.

Figure 2. MVC 2021 Preoperative Testing VCC Progress Report

The Michigan Value Collaborative is eager to reduce unnecessary preoperative testing. If you are interested in a more customized report on preoperative testing practices at your hospital or physician organization or you want to learn more about the stakeholder working group, please contact the MVC Coordinating Center at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

18 Nov 2021
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CHF Workgroup Discusses Value of Outpatient Intravenous Diuresis

November 18, 2021 | 0 Comments | , ,

The Michigan Value Collaborative (MVC) holds bi-monthly virtual workgroups on six different clinical areas of focus. The goal of these workgroups is to bring collaborative members together to discuss current quality improvement initiatives and challenges. These six different clinical areas include chronic disease management (CDM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes, joint, and sepsis. At the most recent MVC CHF workgroup, the discussion centered around inpatient versus outpatient intravenous diuresis for the acute exacerbation of CHF.

The prevalence of heart failure in the United States is increasing, with one study indicating it affects more than 5.7 million people. The study reports that up to 80% of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) visit their emergency departments and that 91.5% of those patients were thereafter readmitted to the hospital for diuresis.

With increasing prevalence comes greater direct and indirect healthcare costs associated with CHF, accounting for approximately $40 billion annually in the United States. For patients over the age of 65, it is a leading cause of hospitalization with annual costs of $11 billion.

Despite significant costs and healthcare burden associated with this condition, the same study finds that no official guidance exists regarding an appropriate location for therapy. Since hospital readmission reduction programs seek to incentivize reductions in readmissions, it is important to simultaneously provide guidance to providers and patients on safe and effective options for outpatient treatment and therapy.

To address this concern, the workgroup discussed the benefits and safety of outpatient intravenous (IV) diuresis and how the outpatient administration of furosemide can be safe and effective. MVC members shared their experiences with setting up these clinics, their inclusion criteria, and other protocols. A standard diuretic protocol could include each patient being given an IV furosemide bolus with continuous infusion within the most appropriate outpatient setting, which could include the patient’s home or in a mobile clinic.

While in the outpatient setting, patients undergoing this treatment would be monitored via cardiac telemetry and appropriate blood panels before and after the infusion. Patients on maintenance medications are instructed to continue their standard dose in the outpatient setting as appropriate based on their individualized treatment protocol. Patients should follow up with their cardiology and primary care teams to maintain their treatment and care maintenance plans. Following the outpatient IV diuresis encounter, the study reported patients had lower costs, fewer hospital stays, and lower mortality risk than CHF patients who did not receive outpatient IV diuresis.

Overall, studies indicate that outpatient CHF IV diuresis treatment is a safe and effective method of relieving CHF symptoms with a low risk of adverse events. The MVC members in attendance had positive thoughts and experiences regarding outpatient IV diuresis clinics and would recommend further discussion on them. The outpatient mobile CHF diuresis clinic was of notable interest to the MVC members in attendance and will be considered for a specialty topic in future workgroups and blog posts.

The MVC Coordinating Center is interested in hearing how your organization is improving CHF patient care and reducing CHF hospital readmissions. If you would like to present at or attend an upcoming MVC workgroup, please contact the MVC Coordinating Center at the michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

04 Nov 2021
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Introducing MVC Engagement Associate Chelsea Andrews, MPH

Introducing MVC Engagement Associate Chelsea Andrews, MPH

November 4, 2021 | 0 Comments

I would like to take this opportunity to introduce myself as the Michigan Value Collaborative’s (MVC) new Engagement Associate. As the Engagement Associate, I will work closely with the Site Engagement Manager and Site Engagement Coordinator to foster collaboration among members and other stakeholders and drive outreach efforts that facilitate statewide cross-institutional learning. I am excited to join the MVC Coordinating Center and look forward to getting to know our sites and members.

Colleagues would call me a well-versed health and wellness leader with an authentic and collaborative approach to program management who creates a positive and high-performing culture. I have worked in healthcare and health research in various capacities over the past 11 years, ranging from direct patient care to administration, and have co-authored multiple medical encyclopedia entries and actively contributed to NIH research. I’m a Michigan State University alumna with a pre-medical Bachelor of Science in human biology; a specialization in bioethics, humanities, and society; and a Spanish minor. After working as a nurse assistant in various specialties, I left the state of Michigan to earn my Master’s in Public Health in health systems, management and policy at the University of Colorado. While in Colorado, I was part of the administrative team for Colorado Medicine’s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine. Since my return to Michigan in 2019 and prior to joining the MVC, I worked at the University of Michigan School of Nursing as Program Coordinator for the Alliance to Advance Patient-Centered Cancer Care, where I defined and executed project goals and acted as a liaison between the national program office teams, grantees, and board members.

I am passionate about comprehensive patient-centric operational procedures, community engagement, and reducing healthcare disparities. When I’m not working, you can find me playing with my dog and three cats, adventuring outside, working on cars, or reading next to a fire (I’m always accepting book recommendations). If you have any questions, please reach out to me at andreche@umich.edu.

28 Oct 2021
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October 2021 MVC Semi-Annual: Virtual Meeting Recap

October 2021 MVC Semi-Annual: Virtual Meeting Recap

October 28, 2021 | 0 Comments

The Michigan Value Collaborative (MVC) held its second virtual semi-annual meeting of 2021 on Friday, October 22nd. A total of 221 leaders from a variety of healthcare disciplines attended Friday’s virtual meeting, representing 70 different hospitals and 23 physician organizations (POs) from across the state of Michigan. These participants came together to hear about the planned adjustments to the MVC Component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) Pay-for-Performance (P4P) Program for Program Year 2021 in light of COVID-19 and to discuss “the social risk and health equity dilemma” - a growing priority within the healthcare system generally, as well as within the MVC Coordinating Center.

MVC’s Director, Dr. Hari Nathan, started Friday’s meeting with an update from the MVC Coordinating Center, welcoming new collaborative members Munson Healthcare Manistee and Paul Oliver Memorial Hospital, and MVC’s newest Coordinating Center team members: Jana Stewart, Kristen Palframan, and Carla Novak. Dr. Nathan also highlighted some of the recent successes achieved by the Coordinating Center, including the launch of MVC’s new health equity report, increased custom analytic reporting, and the completion of over 50 virtual site visits with members this year.

Dr. Mike Thompson, MVC’s Co-Director, then shared information on the MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program with attendees. In investigating the impact of COVID-19 throughout the state in 2020, the MVC Coordinating Center found that 223 of the 25,627 (0.9%) episodes included in the P4P conditions from the first half of 2020 had a code for confirmed COVID-19 infection in the index event or other inpatient settings. The MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P program rewards hospitals for either making improvements over their baseline episode payment or for being less expensive than peer hospitals. The MVC team found that episodes of COVID-19 patients are generally more expensive than typical episodes. In addition, COVID-19 was not present in the baseline year of 2018 that hospitals stand to be evaluated against. Therefore, with approval from BCBSM, Dr. Thompson announced that, for Program Year 2021 only, the Coordinating Center will be removing any 2020 episode with a COVID-19 diagnosis on an inpatient facility claim during the 30-day episode if the COVID-19 ICD code is one of the first three diagnosis codes on the claim (see Figure 1). Looking ahead, a summary of participant selections for Program Years 2023 and 2024 were also shared, showing joint replacement as the most common condition selection, closely followed by congestive heart failure (CHF).

Figure 1. MVC Slide on Updates to MVC Component of BCBSM P4P Program for PY21

At MVC’s last semi-annual meeting in May, the Coordinating Center announced that Michigan Medicaid data had been added to MVC data sources and that the MVC Coordinating Center would be spending the subsequent months validating the data and getting it ready for member use. This work has now concluded and MVC’s Manager of Data Analytics shared what this new data source looks like. Michigan Medicaid now represents MVC’s third-largest data source, accounting for over 319,000 episodes since 2015, covering 256,889 beneficiaries, and making up 19.4% of all MVC episodes.  With this new addition, MVC data sources now comprise over 80% of Michigan’s insured population, all of which are available for members to utilize on the MVC registry.

To set the scene for our guest speakers, MVC Analyst Bonnie Cheng provided an overview of MVC’s recent health equity report (see Figure 2), highlighting racial, ethnic, and dual-eligibility variation across Michigan. The MVC Coordinating Center will look to build on this new report and undertake new activities in this area to support member activity moving forward. This will be supported by the Michigan Social Health Interventions to Eliminate Disparities (MSHIELD) collaborative – a new group recently launched as part of the Collaborative Quality Initiative (CQI) portfolio. With this in mind, MVC was joined by MSHIELD Program Manager Carol Gray to introduce this new collaborative and describe how MSHIELD will seek to interface with the health system and local communities to drive change (see Figure 3).

Figure 2. MVC Slide on New MVC Health Equity Report

Figure 3. MSHIELD Slide on MSHIELD's Role as a CQI

After hearing from MSHIELD, MVC welcomed guest speaker Dr. Nicole J. Franklin from McLaren Flint hospital. Dr. Franklin provided insight as to how McLaren Flint has devoted time and effort to bridge the gap between health and social care. This placed particular emphasis on the use of six representative sub-committees (employee resource, patient outcomes, community outreach, employee education, talent acquisition, and cultural calendar) to achieve McLaren Flint’s commitment to creating an inclusive and equitable environment where everyone is valued and empowered for success. Representing the Integrated Health Association (IHA), Leah Corneail shared how IHA has worked to actively screen and address patient social influencers of health (SIOH). This emphasized the importance of collecting actionable data through IHA’s SIOH questionnaire and the use of these data through an interactive population health dashboard (see Figure 4). The last guest speaker of the day was Melissa Gary, Community Liaison for Great Lakes Physicians Organization (GLPO). As well as providing an overview of GLPO, Melissa detailed how the organization has used a social determinants of health questionnaire and monthly tracking log to address the needs of over 2000 patients in 2020 alone.

Figure 4. IHA Slide on Social Influencers of Health Dashboard

To conclude Friday’s meeting, MVC Communications Specialist Jana Stewart provided a synopsis of the day and highlighted key upcoming activities. The slides from Friday’s meeting are available here and a recording of the meeting is available here. If you have questions about anything that was discussed at the semi-annual or are interested in finding out more about MVC’s offerings, please reach out to the MVC Coordinating Center (michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com). In the meantime, we look forward to seeing you all in person again soon.

21 Oct 2021
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MVC Efforts to Improve Cardiac Rehab Enrollment in Michigan

MVC Efforts to Improve Cardiac Rehab Enrollment in Michigan

October 21, 2021 | 0 Comments | ,

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is designed to improve cardiovascular function and mitigate risk factors for future cardiovascular events through monitored exercise, patient education, lifestyle modifications, smoking cessation, and social support (1). For over a decade, CR has been a Class I indication in clinical guidelines for patients who have had a heart attack, chronic stable angina, chronic heart failure, or have undergone a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), surgical (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The evidence supporting CR as a high-value therapy for patients is clear: better long-term survival, fewer secondary cardiovascular events, fewer readmissions, improved quality of life, and lower healthcare utilization (2–6). 

Unfortunately, only a fraction of Michigan residents eligible for CR attend a single session following hospitalization for a qualifying condition, with rates as high as 59% for patients undergoing CABG and as low as 4% for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) (see Figure 1). These data highlight that we as a state are well short of the national goal set by the Million Hearts Initiative of 70% enrollment for all eligible patients. Data from Michigan also suggests wide variation in CR enrollment across hospitals that are not fully explained by differences in patient case-mix (7).

Figure 1. Collaborative-wide CR enrollment rates for qualifying conditions (01/2017-12/2019)

Since 2019 the MVC Coordinating Center sought to equitably increase participation in CR for all eligible individuals in Michigan in partnership with the Blue Cross Blue Shield Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) and the Michigan Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons Quality Collaborative (MSTCVS-QC). In an effort to drive improvement in this area across the collaborative’s membership, MVC developed a number of resources and strategies. For example, the MVC Coordinating Center built hospital-level reports that provide members with information on CR enrollment across eligible conditions benchmarked against all MVC hospitals. This week the newest iteration of this CR report was distributed to members. The previous version of the report was sent in March 2021 with a reporting period of 1/1/17 – 12/31/19. The latest version shifted that reporting period by six months (7/1/17 – 6/30/20), included Medicaid episodes for the first time, expanded the time horizon from 90 days to one year, and added information on CHF and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) episodes. 

With the addition of CHF and AMI (both “high-volume” MVC conditions), the number of hospitals eligible to receive a CR report doubled from 47 to 95, so many MVC hospitals received this report for the first time this month. The most significant methodological change compared to the previous report was the expansion of the episode window from 90 days to 365 days (one year). Previous reports undercounted the number of CR visits by using the standard MVC episode length of 90 days when a full CR program consists of 36 sessions, which are often not feasible to complete in 90 days. Therefore, it was important to expand the time horizon to achieve a fuller count. The report instead looked one full year beyond the index event (either PCI, TAVR, SAVR, CABG, CHF, or AMI) to calculate CR utilization rates and number of visits.

The MVC team also convened a multidisciplinary stakeholder group of CR practitioners, physicians, and CQI leaders to foster discussion around barriers and facilitators to CR enrollment. Many of the recent changes to the CR reports were a direct result of suggestions from this stakeholder group. Quarterly seminars have also provided opportunities for local facilities to share ongoing quality improvement activities and to learn from national leaders about innovations in the delivery and quality of CR.

More recently, the MVC team conducted virtual site visits with several CR facilities around the state to learn about their programs, the successes and challenges they have encountered, and ways to improve collaboration in Michigan around CR enrollment. Common themes emerged as barriers to CR enrollment, including lack of patient or physician engagement, geographical and/or technological gaps in care between the hospital and CR facility, and insurance coverage and reimbursement. Through collaborative learning and dissemination of best practices, the MVC Coordinating Center believes that its members can begin to address many of these challenges moving forward. 

These efforts are all the more important as CR facilities begin to recover from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many facilities had to reduce capacity and staff as a result of the pandemic, and the number of CR visits declined significantly compared to pre-pandemic months (see Figure 2). While many CR facilities are back to operating at full capacity, continued efforts will be needed to return CR enrollment to pre-pandemic levels. Some sites in Michigan have adopted virtual, home-based, or hybrid versions of CR to continue providing care to patients throughout the pandemic, and its place as a substitute for facility-based CR will require continued exploration that can be supported through collaborative efforts.

Figure 2. Changes in CR enrollment from 2019 to 2020 over time and by qualifying condition

While many challenges remain to achieve the national goal of 70% enrollment in CR for eligible individuals, the MVC Coordinating Center is optimistic that its current and planned efforts will provide opportunities for Michigan to lead the way. If you are interested in joining our efforts to equitably increase CR enrollment for eligible patients in Michigan, please reach out for more information at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

References

  1. Rubin R. Although Cardiac Rehab Saves Lives, Few Eligible Patients Take Part. JAMA [Internet]. 2019 Jul 17; Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.8604 PMID: 31314061
  2. Heran BS, Chen JM, Ebrahim S, Moxham T, Oldridge N, Rees K, Thompson DR, Taylor RS. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jul 6;(7):CD001800. PMCID: PMC4229995
  3. Taylor RS, Long L, Mordi IR, Madsen MT, Davies EJ, Dalal H, Rees K, Singh SJ, Gluud C, Zwisler A-D. Exercise-Based Rehabilitation for Heart Failure: Cochrane Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis. JACC Heart Fail. 2019 Aug;7(8):691–705. PMID: 31302050
  4. Taylor RS, Brown A, Ebrahim S, Jolliffe J, Noorani H, Rees K, Skidmore B, Stone JA, Thompson DR, Oldridge N. Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med. 2004 May 15;116(10):682–692. PMID: 15121495
  5. Anderson L, Thompson DR, Oldridge N, Zwisler A, Rees K, Martin N, Taylor RS. Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016 [cited 2021 Jan 25];(1). Available from: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001800.pub3/abstract
  6. Rejeski WJ, Foy CG, Brawley LR, Brubaker PH, Focht BC, Norris JL 3rd, Smith ML. Older adults in cardiac rehabilitation: a new strategy for enhancing physical function. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002 Nov;34(11):1705–1713. PMID: 12439072
  7. Thompson MP, Yaser JM, Hou H, Syrjamaki JD, DeLucia A 3rd, Likosky DS, Keteyian SJ, Prager RL, Gurm HS, Sukul D. Determinants of Hospital Variation in Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment During Coronary Artery Disease Episodes of Care. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. American Heart Association; 2021 Feb;14(2):e007144. PMID: 33541107
14 Oct 2021
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MVC Releases New Physician Organization Joint Report

MVC Releases New Physician Organization Joint Report

October 14, 2021 | 0 Comments |

Taking care of patients is the most important responsibility of the healthcare industry. To achieve optimal care, providers require robust and valuable resources that support their efforts. At MVC’s inception in 2013, the primary focus was the development of hospital-based metrics to improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and encourage hospitals to collaborate in best practice sharing. MVC has since expanded its focus outside the hospital walls, recruiting all 40 physician organizations (POs) to participate as MVC members and collaborate to improve the health of Michigan through sustainable, high-value healthcare.

In April of 2021, MVC released its first PO population-level report containing data on health care utilization, allowing POs to benchmark themselves against all MVC PO members. To ensure the continued provision of the highest quality information, MVC engages regularly with PO members to solicit feedback on MVC outputs and to understand their priorities. For example, feedback from MVC’s first PO-specific report resulted in the MVC Coordinating Center updating its patient attribution process to align with that of its Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) partners and their Physician Group Incentive Program (PGIP). As a result, MVC members are attributed to their respective POs with Blue Cross attribution methodology. The MVC Coordinating Center continues to leverage input from these stakeholders to drive the formation of PO-specific reports (see Figure 1).

Figure 1.

A new PO report released this week focuses on episode-based metrics related to joint replacement surgery. This report utilizes updated methodologies and is comprised of administrative claims from attributed members spanning 1/1/19 – 12/31/20 for BCBSM PPO Commercial and BCBSM Medicare Advantage. Reports were prepared for all POs that participate in MVC and had at least 11 joint replacement surgeries per year in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The selection of metrics contained in this report is a result of feedback from PO members and BCBSM.

The new PO Joint Replacement Report includes:

  • Top five facilities where attributed patients had a joint replacement surgery
  • Percent of joint replacement surgeries performed in an inpatient setting by six-month interval
  • Percent of joint replacement surgeries performed in the inpatient setting
  • Utilization rate after a joint replacement surgery in the inpatient/outpatient setting for the following:
    • Home health care
    • Skilled nursing facility (SNF)
    • Emergency department (ED)

The MVC Coordinating Center is stratifying metrics by employed vs. independent PO using BCBSM’s Summer 2021 PGIP physician list. Therefore, POs with greater than 50% of their aligned providers employed by a health system are considered employed, and those with fewer than 50% are considered independent.

The report indicates a downward trend over time in the percent of surgeries performed in the inpatient setting (see Figure 2). This is a positive finding given the push for joint replacements to occur in the outpatient setting; however, it is unclear whether COVID-19 was a factor in this decrease given that the reporting period includes 2020.

Figure 2.

In addition, POs generally have low rates of skilled nursing facility (SNF) utilization (see Figure 3) and relatively higher rates of home health (see Figure 4) utilization. This finding is also encouraging since SNFs are expensive.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

The metrics with the greatest variation among the different POs are home health rates as well as the overall percentage of joint replacement surgeries performed in the inpatient setting (see Figure 5).

Figure 5.

By understanding the needs of MVC PO members regarding present and future patient care improvement activities, MVC will be better able to improve its future PO reports. If you are interested in sharing feedback about these new PO reports, have any specific PO analytic requests, are undergoing new PO improvement initiatives, and/or would like more information about the Michigan Value Collaborative, please reach out to the Coordinating Center at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

07 Oct 2021
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MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program Year 2021 Update

MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program Year 2021 Update

October 7, 2021 | 0 Comments

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted hospitals throughout the state in 2020 and the MVC Coordinating Center deemed it necessary to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on the MVC Component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) Pay-for-Performance (P4P) program. The goal was to determine if adjustments needed to be made to maintain fairness across the collaborative for index admissions in the calendar year of 2020, which will be used to score the 2021 program year.

The MVC Coordinating Center found that 223 of the 25,627 (0.9%) episodes included in the P4P conditions from the first half of 2020 had a code for confirmed COVID-19 infection in the index event or other inpatient settings. Pneumonia and congestive heart failure (CHF) were the most common conditions to have a COVID-19 diagnosis.

The MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P program rewards hospitals for either making improvements over their baseline episode payment or for being less expensive than peer hospitals. The MVC Coordinating Center has also found that episodes of COVID-19 patients are generally more expensive than typical episodes. Additionally, COVID-19 was not present in the baseline year of 2018 that hospitals will be evaluated against and hospitals were impacted differently.

Therefore, with approval from BCBSM, the MVC Coordinating Center will remove any 2020 episode with a COVID-19 diagnosis on an inpatient facility claim during the 30-day episode if the COVID-19 ICD code is one of the first three diagnosis codes on the claim. Please contact the MVC Coordinating Center with any questions at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.

30 Sep 2021
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Fall Semi-Annual Meeting Agenda Highlights Health Equity Topics

Fall Semi-Annual Meeting Agenda Highlights Health Equity Topics

September 30, 2021 | 0 Comments | ,

The MVC Coordinating Center recently released the full agenda for its forthcoming fall Semi-Annual Meeting on Friday, October 22, 2021, from 10:00-11:30 am. The MVC Coordinating Center holds collaborative-wide meetings twice each year to bring together quality leaders and clinicians from across the state. This year’s theme of “the social risk and health equity dilemma” is reflective of a growing priority within the healthcare system generally, as well as newer activities within the MVC Coordinating Center.

Speakers at semi-annual events are often members who share their stories of success, challenges, barriers, and solutions in pursuing a higher value and quality of care. The speakers outlined on October’s agenda showcase the breadth and depth of knowledge that exists within the collaborative in the health equity space. They also represent a variety of stakeholder groups, including hospitals, physician organizations (POs), Collaborative Quality Improvement (CQIs) programs, and of course MVC Coordinating Center leadership.

The first guest speaker will be Carol Gray, Program Manager of the new Michigan Social Health Interventions to Eliminate Disparities (MSHIELD) CQI. She leads the overall management, performance, and coordination of the MSHIELD program and Coordinating Center team. She has extensive experience managing public health research teams, communicating across and coordinating with multiple partnerships, and linking and engaging with community-based organizations in Detroit and academic faculty at the University of Michigan. Her presentation on, “Aligning Partnerships to Achieve Health Equity,” will speak to that expertise.

The meeting also features the expertise of Dr. Nicole J. Franklin, Assistant Medical Director at the McLaren Bariatric and Metabolic Institute. She provides psychological support to bariatric patients before and after weight loss surgery. In addition, Dr. Franklin is the chair of the Diversity and Inclusion Committee at McLaren Flint and has co-facilitated the Diversity Committee within all three local hospitals’ psychology training programs for the last 10 years. She is an Air Force veteran and a graduate of Wright State University’s School of Professional Psychology. Referencing her work within the greater Flint community, her session will address, “The Health Gap: An Exploration of how one hospital is working to bridge the gaps between health care and social care.”

Another perspective will be brought by Leah Corneail, Director of Utilization and Population Health at the Integrated Healthcare Association (IHA). In this role, she is responsible for leading utilization and cost improvement efforts, ensuring success in risk-based contracts and CMS demonstration programs, and collaborating with community partners to improve population health. Corneail has several years of experience in population health and health policy. Prior to joining IHA, she served as a Senior Project Manager in the Michigan Medicine Population Health Office, where she managed Michigan Medicine’s portfolio of value-based payment models and partnered with operations to implement care transformation initiatives. Leah received her Master of Public Health degree from The George Washington University’s Milken Institute School of Public Health. She will speak to, “IHA Efforts to Screen and Address Patient Social Influencers of Health (SIOH).”

Also representing the approach of a PO will be Melissa Gary, Community Liaison with the Great Lakes Physician Organization (GLPO). In this role, Melissa is responsible for bridging the gap between healthcare providers of GLPO and the local community agencies to better align the mission of GLPO. Utilizing her several years of experience in healthcare and nonprofit organizations, she has built the GLPO social determinants of health process. She is a passionate community servant with the ability to motivate and inspire individuals to identify their own potential and shares in the passion to serve others. Melissa is a graduate from Ferris State University where she studied nuclear medicine and healthcare administration. She has minors in science, biology, pre-pharmacy and paralegal.

Attendees can also expect to hear from MVC Coordinating Center leadership and staff about MVC’s Medicaid data, the MVC Component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) Pay-for-Performance (P4P) Program, and general program updates.

These presentations could be informative and useful for any of the following stakeholders who are welcome to attend:

  • MVC Hospital Site Coordinators and Champions
  • MVC Physician Organization Site Coordinators
  • Quality Leadership
  • Clinicians
  • Managers and front-line staff in the following clinical areas:
    • Population health
    • Chronic disease management
    • Post-acute care
    • Value-based care
    • Care coordination
    • Discharge planning
    • Social work
    • Others whose work addresses health equity or social risk factors

In addition, hospitals that have attended both of MVC's 2021 Semi-Annual Events (May 2021 and October 2021) will be eligible for one additional bonus point toward Program Year 2021 of the MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program.

Those interested in attending this informative and collaborative meeting should register here. The MVC Coordinating Center looks forward to a fantastic meeting. See you there!

02 Sep 2021
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Joint, CHF Top Members’ Selections for MVC P4P Program

September 2, 2021 | 0 Comments

The MVC Coordinating Center recently distributed condition selection reports for Program Years 2022 and 2023 of the MVC Component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) Pay-for-Performance (P4P) Program. The reports were provided in conjunction with details pertaining to the condition selection process, as well as changes to the scoring methodology, cohort assignments, and bonus points available. More details about those changes was published in a previous MVC Coordinating Center blog.

Eligible members were tasked with reviewing these reports and returning their condition selection form at the end of August. Each participating hospital selected two of the seven available conditions for PY22 and PY23: spine surgery, joint replacement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), congestive heart failure (CHF), colectomy (non-cancer), and pneumonia. The condition that was selected by the most participants was joint replacement with 41 hospitals selecting it, followed closely by CHF with 40 selections. COPD was selected by 32 hospitals. See Figure 1 for a depiction of the total selections for each condition.

Figure 1.

Although the two conditions selected most frequently were consistent across a variety of hospitals, the overall selections varied somewhat from region to region and by hospital size or type. For instance, hospitals with fewer than 100 beds were much more likely to select pneumonia as one of their two conditions than peers with more than 100 hospital beds (see Figure 2).

Figure 2.

Conversely, larger hospitals that perform more complex procedures made up the totality of selections for spinal surgery, colectomy, and CABG. Still, joint replacement and CHF were the most commonly selected conditions among all hospital sizes.

Similarly, CHF and joint replacement were popular among all hospitals regardless of location type, such as urban or rural (see Figure 3), or location within the state (see Figure 4), with the exception of Region 4 hospitals selecting COPD more frequently than joint replacement.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

With the majority of hospitals focusing on both joint replacement and CHF, the MVC Coordinating Center hopes that continued participation at the joint and CHF workgroups will result in meaningful collaboration among members. MVC will also continue to offer events for virtual networking with facilities and physician organizations (POs) within a member’s geographic region (see Figure 5). These regional networking events provide additional opportunities to connect and share knowledge with peers who may share your hospital’s priorities. For instance, the next Coffee, Chat, and Collaborate virtual networking event takes place among hospitals and POs in Region 1 on Monday, September 13, at noon. Members from Region 1 interested in attending can register here.

Figure 5.

P4P cohorts were reassigned for PY22 and PY23. These changes were also detailed in the new technical document, and the new cohort assignments were published on the MVC website. The cohorts were not intended to group hospitals that are exactly alike; rather, they created a reasonably comparable grouping from which MVC can complete statistical analyses.

This program began in 2018, when BCBSM allocated 10% of its P4P program to an episode of care spending metric based on MVC data. This metric measures hospital performance using price-standardized, risk-adjusted 30-day episode payments for BCBSM Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), Medicare Fee-for-Service (FFS), BCBSM Medicare Advantage, Blue Care Network (BCN) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), and BCN Medicare Advantage.

If you would like to receive notices about the MVC workgroups or have questions about any aspect of the MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program, please contact the MVC Coordinating Center at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.