21 May 2025
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April Workgroups Highlight Preoperative Testing and MVC’s Process Measures Report & Registry Review

April Workgroups Highlight Preoperative Testing and MVC’s Process Measures Report & Registry Review

May 21, 2025 | 0 Comments | , , ,

In April, MVC hosted two virtual workgroup presentations – the first, a preoperative testing workgroup focused on the CQI collaboration with the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) to reduce preoperative testing rates for low-risk surgeries, supplemented by a brief overview of the RITE-Size Initiative and how MVC sites can benefit from participating. The second workgroup, health in action, focused on the recent MVC Process Measure Report and included an overview of how to utilize the MVC registry. The MVC Coordinating Center hosts workgroup presentations twice per month covering a variety of topics including post-discharge follow-up, sepsis, cardiac rehab, rural health, preoperative testing and health in action.

Preoperative Testing Workgroup 4/8/2025

Jennifer Bennett, MBA, BSN, RN, Lead Quality and Patient Safety Coordinator for Henry Ford Health (HFH) Madison Heights – Warren, shared that in 2017 the estimated cost for unnecessary preoperative testing and treatment was $200 billion nationwide (Healthcare Finance News, 2017). Additionally, in 2014, PerryUndem and the Choosing Wisely Campaign completed a phone survey of over 600 different physicians (primary care and specialists) across the country. This survey inquired whether providers believed unnecessary tests and procedures in the healthcare system were a serious problem and who or what entity should be responsible for leading improvement efforts.

Results showed that the top reasons providers ordered the unnecessary tests were because of malpractice concerns, belief that it should be done “just to be safe,” patients insisting on having the test, or they were trying to keep patients happy (Figure 1). Providers also believed they were the best suited to address overuse of unnecessary tests and procedures in the healthcare system.

Figure 1. Reasons Why Physicians Order Unnecessary Tests

Physicians surveyed selected several solutions to try and address the issue including malpractice reform, having specific evidence-based recommendations in a format that would be easy to discuss with the patient, having more time to discuss alternatives with patients, and changing the system of financial rewards for preoperative testing metrics (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Possible Preoperative Testing Reduction Strategies Poll

In collaboration with MSQC, Henry Ford Health Madison Heights-Warren launched a pilot program in 2023 to implement appropriate preoperative screening for low-risk surgeries, including breast lumpectomy – partial mastectomy, minor hernia, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Initial data used for setting a baseline understanding showed that preoperative testing rates for these procedures across the state had a wide range of 8% - 85%, and testing before low-risk surgeries was noted to be common for greater than 50% of patients undergoing at least one test.

Using testing recommendations from several notable academic medical societies, Henry Ford and MSQC were able to build an outline of recommendations for blood work (labs), electrocardiogram (ECG) tests, cardiac stress tests, and chest x-rays. A decision tree was developed to aid providers in choosing a test that was appropriate for a patient prior to their procedure (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Suggested Pre-op Testing Decision Aid for Low-Risk Surgeries

This decision tree took into consideration what American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class the patient fell under. The ASA classes (ASA 1 – 5) are determined by physical status of the patient (Do they have comorbidities, age related issues, life expectancy if they don’t have the procedure, etc.?) The higher the ASA class level the more likely the patient will require additional testing due to chronic disease processes being present. Recommendations for preoperative testing on patients that are an ASA class 3 or above were combined into a guidance chart (Figure 4) to aid in test order decision making.

Henry Ford Health Madison Heights-Warren reported several successes during their pilot program. These include:

  1. Engaging stakeholders: They successfully engaged various stakeholders—including patients, providers, office staff, CQIs, and IT—in meaningful conversations and collaborative problem-solving.
  2. Acknowledging work: The team emphasized the critical importance of the work being done and its alignment with the best interests of patients.
  3. Cost savings: They highlighted the potential for significant overall cost savings resulting from the program's implementation.
  4. Revising protocols: Protocols were revised to incorporate new best practices for preoperative testing, ensuring enhanced care quality.

Some of the barriers that arose included communication breakdowns, a lack of education or understanding, trying to engage and include providers that were contracted private practice and may not have the same electronic medical record (EMR) access, and not having a complete set of data due to claims data delays (Medicare/Medicaid).

Results

Prior to the pilot program launching (March 2022 - March 2023), HFH Madison Heights-Warren's preoperative testing rates were at 37.8% and after implementation (March 2023 – September 2024) their preoperative testing rate reduced to 31%. Their next steps include partnering with the RITE-Size initiative to develop future preoperative testing goals and re-engaging with stakeholders at other Henry Ford Health sites.

RITE-Size Initiative Overview

MVC Program Director Hari Nathan, MD, PhD, gave a brief overview of the RITE-Size initiative. The goal for right-sizing testing before elective surgery is to identify patient risk-level, match patient risk-level to pre-op testing, and perform a safe and successful low-risk surgery. This initiative is a grant funded collaborative partnership between Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC), Michigan Value Collaborative (MVC), and the Michigan Program on Value Enhancement (MPrOVE) (Figure 5). The plan is to learn from the clinical and claims data, consider clinician input, and to recommend high-value tests based on this information.

Figure 5. RITE-Size Offerings

If your site is interested in participating in the RITE-size preoperative testing program, please reach out by email to the MVC Coordinating Center.

Health in Action Workgroup – MVC Process Measures Report & Registry Review 4/24/25

The health in action workgroup featured a presentation by MVC’s Site Engagement Coordinator Emily Bair, MS, MPH, RDN, CSP. The presentation focused on the recent MVC Process Measure Report and included an overview of how to utilize the MVC registry.

Traditionally, MVC push reports have focused on just one condition, surgery, or metric at a time. The process measures push report was developed to pull together information on multiple conditions to provide individualized, comprehensive, and actionable insights for MVC members (Figure 6). This report was provided to sites that are participating in the MVC portion of the BCBSM P4P program as well as non-P4P sites. This allows sites to evaluate their progress on all eligible measures, not just the metrics selected for the P4P program year.

Figure 6. MVC Conditions

This process measures report includes 90-day inpatient or surgical episodes created from index admissions between January 2022 – December 2023. Exclusions included patients who had an inpatient hospital transfer, died in the hospital during their index hospitalization, or were discharged to hospice. Payors included Blue Care Network HMO, commercial and Medicare Advantage, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan PPO commercial, and Medicare Advantage, Medicare, and Michigan Medicaid.

Within the report each site has an individualized sociodemographic overview table that displays the patient population for each process measure cohort (Figure 7). This table illustrates the distribution pattern of the population within each process measure but is not necessarily indicative of the distribution of patient demographics for the outcome of interest. One detail to note is that the race/ethnicity denominator includes all patients but may not add up to 100% due to the exclusion of other race/ethnicity categories.

Figure 7. MVC Process Measure Report for Hospital A (blinded data)

In addition to race/ethnicity categories, MVC is populating data on patient zip codes (categorized as prosperous, comfortable, mid-tier, at-risk, or distressed according to the Economic Innovation Group’s Distressed Communities Index (DCI) 2015-19. The DCI incorporates economic indicators such as education, employment, and income as well as patient age and gender. These are some of the first steps being taken to incorporate sociodemographic information into our analyses, deepening our understanding of the patient community's needs and awareness to support further health equity efforts.

Registry Review

How can we use the MVC registry to investigate certain metrics or patient demographics?

  1. Search for specific metrics such as preoperative testing rates at your site. Are they higher or lower than the MVC All average?
  2. Investigate certain procedures for which tests are being ordered more frequently than others
  3. Drill down to see if certain patient age categories are accumulating a higher testing rate than others

For example, when looking at the multi-payer preop testing reports, helpful filters to utilize would be the following:

  1. Episode start dates – selecting an exact date range
  2. Payers – choosing the appropriate payers for the date range you are looking at (noting that Medicare and Medicaid data may be 6 months to 1 year behind BCBSM)
  3. Procedures – choose the desired procedure(s) you want to investigate
  4. Tests – choose the desired tests you want to investigate in relation to the procedure
  5. Patient characteristics – choose what age(s), gender, race/ethnicity, and comorbidities you want to include/exclude

Interested in joining the MVC registry?

Once you send a registry request the MVC team will confirm your request with your specified site’s MVC Site Coordinator (primary contact). Once confirmed you will be sent the MVC website confidentiality agreement (WCA), and upon receiving the completed WCA, MVC will provide a username and directions to login in via email.

If you are interested in pursuing a healthcare improvement program, MVC has data specialists available to help navigate and create custom analytics reports. Please reach out to us by email if you would like to learn more about MVC data or engagement offerings!

19 Mar 2025
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MVC Refreshes Registry Reports with New Data & Methods

MVC Refreshes Registry Reports with New Data & Methods

March 19, 2025 | 0 Comments | , , ,

At the end of February, MVC updated its registry with new payer data. MVC adds new data to the registry monthly upon receipt of new claims from included payers. This most recent update included the addition of two new months of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) and Blue Care Network (BCN) claims, one new quarter of Medicaid claims, and one new quarter of Medicare claims. Following these updates, the MVC registry now has the following data ranges for its data:

  • BCBSM PPO (Commercial and Medicare Advantage): 01/01/2015 – 12/31/2024 (index events through 09/30/2024)
  • BCN (Commercial and Medicare Advantage): 01/01/2015 – 12/31/2024 (index events through 09/30/2024)
  • Medicaid: 01/01/2015 – 12/31/2024 (index events through 09/30/2024)
  • Medicare FFS: 01/01/2015 – 06/30/2024 (index events through 03/31/2024)

Anytime MVC publishes new data on its registry, the newest claims for each payer are incorporated throughout the various reports and dashboards where that payer’s data is present, including the interactive multi-payer reports for cardiac rehabilitation utilization and preoperative testing.

Refreshed Multi-Payer Cardiac Rehabilitation Reports

The multi-payer cardiac rehabilitation utilization reports were added to the registry in the first half of 2024 and have replaced the static PDF hospital-level push reports MVC previously distributed biannually. The regular release of new data on the registry, therefore, gives members opportunities throughout the year to check progress on cardiac rehabilitation metrics more regularly and find opportunities for improvement. For example, current data on cardiac rehabilitation enrollment for CABG patients with episode start dates between Jan. 1, 2024, and Sept. 30, 2024, indicates wide variability among hospitals, with many sites observing rates below the recommended 70%. Across the collaborative, enrollment in cardiac rehab after CABG procedures was as low as 28% at one MVC member hospital and as high as 83% at another with a statewide average of 61% (Figure 1). Similarly, cardiac rehab utilization is much lower on average among PCI patients over the same time period (32%), and there is wide inter-hospital variation with rates ranging between 6% and 86% (Figure 2).

Figure 1. Statewide Rankings for Cardiac Rehab Utilization within 90 Days After Discharge from CABG, 1/1/2024-9/30/2024

Figure 2. Statewide Rankings for Cardiac Rehab Utilization within 90 Days After Discharge from PCI, 1/1/2024-9/30/2024

This latest registry update also included a methodological change impacting cardiac rehabilitation reporting for attendance. These methodological improvements were meant to increase the accuracy of MVC’s reported mean number of visits attended within a selected time period. MVC noted that this change resulted in increases in the average number of completed cardiac rehabilitation visits overall, and especially among BCN and Medicaid beneficiaries. This increase in the average number of visits reflects the fact that MVC improved the capture of multiple cardiac rehabilitation visits over a longer time period billed on a single claim.

Refreshed Multi-Payer Preoperative Testing Reports

The multi-payer preoperative testing utilization reports were added to the registry at the end of 2024 and have also replaced static hospital-level push reports that were previously distributed as biannual PDF reports to members. Looking at all available 2024 claims across payers, there is evidence of a small decrease in the MVC All rate of preoperative testing prior to low-risk surgery beginning in late 2022 and continuing throughout 2023 and into 2024 (Figure 3). Those members who are working to reduce unnecessary preoperative testing are encouraged to check their updated data. MVC is also able to supplement registry data with custom analytics by an MVC analyst to meet the needs of members. One such site recently utilized MVC’s custom analytics to identify differences in preoperative testing rates by physician NPI to support conversations about intra-hospital variation by provider and service line.

Figure 3. Statewide Rate of Preoperative Testing and Relative Difference in Preoperative Testing by Quarter, 2020-2024

MVC’s registry contains an extensive collection of multi-payer, P4P, and payer-specific views and metrics. If you are newer to the registry or would like a refresher on how best to leverage the information, reach out to the MVC Coordinating Center for information about a custom registry review.

22 Jan 2025
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MVC Introduces Multi-Payer Preop Testing Registry Reports

MVC Introduces Multi-Payer Preop Testing Registry Reports

January 22, 2025 | 0 Comments | , ,

MVC recently added three new multi-payer reports to its online registry focused on preoperative testing use prior to low-risk surgery. MVC has been tracking measures of this low-value practice since 2021, and previously shared biannual static push reports with its members on their testing rates. Now, MVC registry users can access these metrics under the multi-payer reports tab on MVC’s online data registry [LINK].  

Similar to previous reporting, these new multi-payer reports provide interactive figures to assess a site’s opportunities to reduce unnecessary testing prior to three low-risk procedures: outpatient cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair, and lumpectomy. MVC hopes to add additional low-risk procedures in the future. For each of these procedures, preoperative testing is assessed in the 30 days prior to the surgery according to CPT codes identified in claims data. Each report reflects the most up-to-date available claims data from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) PPO Commercial, BCBSM PPO Medicare Advantage (MA), Blue Care Network (BCN) HMO Commercial, BCN MA, Medicare Fee-for-Service (FSS), and Medicaid insurance plans.  

Multi-Payer Report Filters 

Users can dynamically select the procedure(s), payer(s), and date range (i.e., the span of the episode start dates) to meet their data needs. Users may also filter by patient characteristics such as age and the presence of certain comorbidities that may place a patient in a higher risk category. Additional patient-level characteristics related to the episode of care that can be filtered include gender, race/ethnicity, and a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or venous thromboembolism during the index event or within 90 days. Up to five comparison groups can also be applied to each figure: the average across all MVC member hospitals, a cohort of hospitals located within the user’s MVC region, hospitals of the same type as the user (i.e., general acute care hospital or Critical Access Hospital), hospitals of the same trauma center level, and, if applicable, other rural hospitals in MVC's membership. A full listing of MVC member hospitals and their GACH, CAH, and rural hospital status can be referenced on the MVC website [LINK]. 

Preoperative Testing Table 

The first of the three new report pages includes a table summarizing the testing rates for each type of preoperative test, overall and by procedure. Rates are shown for a user’s selected hospital and the comparison group of their choosing. The filters as described above allow users to determine which episodes to include or exclude based on their needs. 

Preoperative Testing Trends 

The next report shows the preoperative testing rates for the user’s hospital(s) over time alongside a comparison group of their choosing, as well as a trend graph demonstrating the magnitude of a site’s rate changes over time (Figure 1). The trend figures provide data points for a time interval of the user’s choosing, either monthly, quarterly, or annually, along with any additional filters as described. If these trend graphs appear to have missing data points, there is likely suppression occurring due to insufficient eligible episodes for that time period. In those instances, MVC recommends modifying the time interval to include more episodes. For all multi-payer reports, MVC suppresses data points with denominators of less than 11, and also suppresses denominators of rates that can be used to back-calculate to a numerator of less than 11. 

Figure 1.

Preoperative Testing Utilization Rankings 

Lastly, the third and final report provides a visual representation of hospital preoperative testing rates for the user’s site(s) alongside all other peer hospitals from a selected comparison group, such as MVC All, hospital type, or hospital region. This style of figure can be used to help benchmark a site’s performance by showcasing how their utilization compares within a larger group. Since both this report and the trend graphs are interactive, users can hover their cursor over a specific data point to view additional details such as the exact testing rate and the number of episodes included in that rate's denominator.

Accessing the Registry Reports 

All report pages can be exported into a variety of file types, such as PDFs or JPGs, for ease of sharing or adding to other materials. All MVC registry users will have access to these reports to view the data for their site(s). If you do not have registry access and are interested in using the registry to view these reports, you may complete MVC’s user access request form [LINK].  

MVC hosted its first webinar to demonstrate the functionality and features of these new multi-payer preoperative testing reports on Jan. 21 and will host a second webinar on Tues., Jan. 28 from 12-1 p.m. Please RSVP if you are interested in attending this second webinar [LINK].  

If you have any additional questions or feedback about the new registry reports, please contact the Coordinating Center by email [LINK]. 

12 Jun 2024
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MVC Introduces New Multi-Payer Cardiac Rehab Registry Reports

MVC Introduces New Multi-Payer Cardiac Rehab Registry Reports

June 12, 2024 | 0 Comments | , , ,

The MVC Coordinating Center added four new multi-payer reports to its online registry in April. These new reports evaluate cardiac rehabilitation utilization and encompass all metrics previously provided annually in MVC’s hospital-level cardiac rehab push report for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), heart valve repair or replacement (SAVR or TAVR), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and congestive heart failure (CHF). Each report reflects the most up-to-date available claims data from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) PPO Commercial, BCBSM PPO Medicare Advantage (MA), Blue Care Network (BCN) HMO Commercial, BCN MA, Medicare Fee-for-Service, and Medicaid insurance plans. Users may select any combination of cardiac conditions and insurance plans to assess in each report.

In addition to allowing dynamic selection of cardiac conditions and payers, the reports allow for customization of report date range (the span of episode start dates), episode length (the time period following each index event), and index place of service (e.g., inpatient, outpatient, emergency department). Users may also filter by patient characteristics including gender, age, and comorbidities (diagnoses prior to the index event). Other patient-level characteristics related to the reflected episode can also be filtered, including whether the patient was transferred during their index event, was diagnosed with COVID-19 during the index event or within 30 days post-discharge, and by certain diagnoses during the index event or within 90 days. Up to four comparison groups are offered for each figure: the collaborative-wide measure, MVC All; the measure among other hospitals in the region, Hospital Region; the measure among only hospitals of the same type, Acute Care/Critical Access Cohort; and the measure among other rural hospitals (if applicable), MHA Rural Hospital Cohort.

Cardiac Rehab Utilization Rates

The first of the four new report provides data on cardiac rehab utilization rates (Figure 1). This report includes a description of cardiac rehab benefits followed by two figures reflecting utilization rates among episodes of the desired condition and payer combinations after all selected filters have been applied. The first figure shows the overall rate of cardiac rehab compared to utilization goals set by the Michigan Cardiac Rehab network (MiCR) and Million Hearts®. The second figure shows utilization trends over time at the user’s hospital(s) and a selected comparison group. This full report and all other reports can be downloaded as a ready-to-print PDF or image file.

Figure 1. Cardiac Rehab Utilization Rates Report

Cardiac Rehab Utilization Rankings

The next report provides data on cardiac rehab utilization rankings, showcasing the ranked order of hospital-level utilization rates for a selected comparison group. For example, in Figure 2 there are data points for cardiac rehab utilization rates during AMI, CABG, PCI, SAVR, and TAVR episodes originating at MVC Hospitals A, B, and C between December 1, 2018, and November 30, 2023 compared to all other MVC general acute care hospitals. The average rate across all comparison hospitals is about 31%, and each point outlined in orange represents the rate at an individual comparison hospital. Again, this report and all others may be downloaded in a ready-to-share format.

Figure 2. Cardiac Rehab Utilization Rankings Report

The remaining new cardiac rehab registry reports provide visual hospital rankings in the same format as the utilization rankings report, but for two other measures: 1) mean days to first cardiac rehab visit, which ranks the average number of days from index discharge to patients’ first cardiac rehab visit (up to 365 days); and 2), mean number of cardiac rehab visits, which ranks the average number of cardiac rehab visits completed within a selected episode length. These reports offer the same dynamic filters and output capabilities.

All MVC registry users will have access to these reports to view the data for their site(s). If you do not have registry access and are interested in using the registry to view these data, you should complete MVC’s user access request form. If you have any questions or feedback about the new registry reports, please contact the Coordinating Center.

23 Jun 2022
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MVC Registry to Soon Include Patient-Level Medicare Data

MVC Registry to Soon Include Patient-Level Medicare Data

June 23, 2022 | 0 Comments | ,

In the coming weeks, MVC registry users will receive communications outlining several required steps related to implementing the Coordinating Center’s new data use agreement (DUA) as a qualified entity (QE) with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The QE DUA permits MVC to display Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS) claims data with fewer data suppression limitations than its research DUA within its online registry. As a result, authorized users of the MVC registry may gain access to identifiable Medicare beneficiary data.

These changes are the result of years of work by the MVC team to earn its QE status through the Qualified Entity Certification Program (QECP), which is also known as the Medicare Data Sharing for Performance Measurement Program. The QE application includes multiple phases before an entity is permitted to show patient-level data. The MVC Coordinating Center has been working through the final phase (see Figure 1) of the application, which involves developing and documenting measures for public reporting.

Figure 1.

The QE Medicare data will be contained in a separate tab on the MVC registry. Authorized users will have access to both the existing Medicare FFS reports as well as the QE reports. The QE data will be available for the most recent 18 months of index admissions only and will not have any case count suppression, allowing users to see the more granular data that is censored in the Medicare FFS reports.

The QE reports also have additional patient population filters to view the data by patient comorbidities, patient age, and more granular date options. These reports also feature trend graphs that can be viewed monthly, quarterly, or annually. In addition to uncensored data, the QE data will allow for patient-level drill-down as is currently available in the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan data. The drill-down includes detailed information on the patient’s comorbidities, price standardized episode payments, and claim level walk-through. Although patient drill-down is available, the provider identifiers have been removed in conjunction with the QECP regulations. Additionally, the skilled nursing facility report is not available in the QE reports to avoid identifying providers.

For those with access, the QE reports should be used when evaluating the most recent years of data. The Medicare FFS reports can still be useful for historical trends and the Coordinating Center may be able to provide custom reports to fill in information that isn’t available through the registry. The patient-level drill-down can be used in conjunction with a hospital’s clinical information to understand what led to high-cost patients. The QE data should make Medicare data more useful to hospital members. However, QE data is only to be used for quality improvement rather than for marketing purposes. Additionally, authorized users are prohibited from disclosing or redistributing data provided in these reports outside of their institution.

Next week MVC member hospitals will receive a new QE DUA to be reviewed and signed by an authorized representative from their institution. This signed DUA is a prerequisite for receiving access to the new QE pages once they are available. MVC’s current CMS research DUA will remain in effect on non-QE registry pages and will continue to utilize data suppression for fewer than 11 episodes to protect patient identities. The MVC registry will also implement multifactor authentication (MFA) upon login for all registry users regardless of QE access in order to comply with the new DUA's security and data privacy requirements.

In the coming weeks, MVC members and registry users are encouraged to be attentive to any communications containing additional details or requests. In the meantime, please contact the MVC Coordinating Center with any immediate questions at michiganvaluecollaborative@gmail.com.