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CHF and New 14-Day Follow-Up After Sepsis Top Selections for MVC P4P PYs 2026-2027

CHF and New 14-Day Follow-Up After Sepsis Top Selections for MVC P4P PYs 2026-2027

In November 2024, the MVC team distributed selection reports to eligible hospitals for Program Years (PY) 2026-2027 for the MVC Component of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) Pay-for-Performance (P4P) Program. These reports were provided in conjunction with details pertaining to the selection process as well as changes to the program structure, scoring methodology, and cohort assignments for the upcoming two-year cycle.

All eligible hospitals returned their selections by the December 2024 deadline, and are now treating the patients who will make up their performance year data for PY 2026 of the new cycle. The program cycle will award a maximum of 10 points, made up of a maximum of three points from their selected episode spending metric, a maximum of four points from their selected value metric, a maximum of two points for engagement activities completed in calendar year 2026, and a maximum of one point for the health equity measure (a new component). Please refer to the previous blog about program structure changes for PYs 2026-2027 for more detail.

Each participating hospital selected one of the four available conditions for 30-day episode spending: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). See Figure 1 for a description of the total selections for each episode spending condition. The episode spending metric that most hospitals selected was CHF (32), followed by COPD (16). The number of sites selecting CHF for episode spending in PYs 2026-2027 increased from 21 to 32 compared to PYs 2024-2025; selections for COPD doubled from 8 to 16 compared to PYs 2024-2025. Figure 2 shows that the distribution in episode spending selections varied when stratified by MVC regions of Michigan. However, CHF was the most selected condition within all regions.

Figure 1. Total Hospital Selections for PYs 2026-2027 Episode Spending

Figure 2. Distribution of Episode Spending Selections by MVC Regions

Each participating hospital also selected one of the seven available value metrics for evaluation based on rates of utilization: cardiac rehabilitation after CABG, cardiac rehabilitation after PCI, 7-day follow-up after CHF, 14-day follow-up after COPD, 7-day follow-up after pneumonia, 14-day follow-up after sepsis, and preoperative testing. Figure 3 illustrates that the value metric selected by the most hospital members was the newly introduced 14-day follow-up after sepsis metric (19) and this was followed by cardiac rehabilitation after PCI (16). Both of these metrics align with the work and measures used at peer CQIs (HMS and BMC2, respectively). Compared to selections from the previous PY 2024-2025 cycle, the number of hospitals that selected preoperative testing doubled from 6 to 13, while selections for 7-day follow-up after CHF decreased from 24 to 15. None of the hospitals selected 7-day follow-up after pneumonia, and the number of hospitals that chose cardiac rehabilitation value metrics did not change much between program cycles.

As seen in Figure 4, there was variation in the distribution of value metric selections by MVC region. Regions 1 & 3 observed similar trends with 14-day follow-up after sepsis selected the most and cardiac rehabilitation after CABG selected by none of the sites. Cardiac rehabilitation after PCI was the most selected value metric in region 4, followed by preoperative testing. In region 2, both preoperative testing and 7-day follow-up after CHF were the most selected value metrics.

Figure 3. Total Hospital Selections for PYs 2026-2027 Value Metrics

Figure 4. Distribution of Value Metric Selections by MVC Regions

Brand new in PYs 2026-2027 will be the health outcome variation measure, for which all participating hospitals will be evaluated using an index of variation that indicates the magnitude of payer-specific differences in risk-adjusted all-cause readmission rates within a hospital. P4P cohorts were reassigned for PYs 2026-2027. Those cohort assignments and the new technical document have been published on the MVC website’s P4P page. The cohorts were not intended to group hospitals alike; rather, they create a reasonably comparable grouping from which MVC can complete statistical analysis.

MVC’s P4P measure began in 2018 when BCBSM allocated 10% of its P4P program to an episode of care spending metric based on MVC data. If you have questions about any aspect of the MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program, please contact the MVC Coordinating Center.

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PY 2026-2027 Selection Reports Sent for MVC Component of BCBSM P4P Program

PY 2026-2027 Selection Reports Sent for MVC Component of BCBSM P4P Program

Beginning in 2018, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) allocated 10% of its Pay-For-Performance (P4P) program to a metric based on Michigan Value Collaborative (MVC) claims data. In 2024, the BCBSM P4P Quarterly Workgroup approved changes to how hospitals will be evaluated in the upcoming two-year cycle for Program Years (PYs) 2026 and 2027. These program years will use claims data from 2025 and 2026, respectively, for the performance years (Figure 1). Hospitals recently received selection reports to aid in their decision-making on which metrics to choose within the new program structure.

Figure 1.

What is staying the same from PYs 2024-2025?

Similar to the PY 2024-2025 cycle, hospitals will continue to be scored out of 10 points maximum. They will also continue to be evaluated on their risk-adjusted, price-standardized total episode spending for a selected condition; their rate for a selected value metric; and their engagement in MVC activities. Hospitals can continue to select coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), congestive heart failure (CHF), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) for episode spending scoring. Similarly, most of the value metric options remain the same with changes in definition for only the preoperative testing and sepsis value metrics.

Each hospital’s episode spending and value metric selections will continue to be scored on improvement compared to the hospital’s own past performance as well as on achievement relative to an MVC cohort. Each hospital will continue to be awarded the greater of the two scores, either improvement or achievement, which are calculated using Z-scores. Cohort designation is still based on bed size, critical access status, and case mix index.

What is changing for PYs 2026-2027?

While the overall program structure will be scored to a maximum of 10 points (Figure 2), the scoring within the components varies from PY 2024-2025. The PY 2026-2027 cycle is made up of a maximum of three points from an episode spending metric, a maximum of four points from a value metric, a maximum of two points from engagement activities, and a maximum of one point from a health equity measure (a new component). For this cycle, hospitals will need to select an episode spending condition and a value metric. The health equity and engagement activities do not require selection. Eligibility for selections are determined based on case counts. To be eligible to select a condition or value metric, a hospital must have at least 20 cases in the full baseline year of 2023.

Figure 2.

Although three episode spending conditions offered in PYs 2024-2025 will continue to be options in PYs 2026-2027 (i.e., CABG, CHF, COPD), MVC retired colectomy (non-cancer), joint replacement, and pneumonia from its episode spending menu. In addition, MVC is adding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as an episode spending condition. The full menu of episode spending conditions for PYs 2026-2027 will be CABG, CHF, COPD, and PCI.

MVC is also modifying two of its value metrics. The sepsis value metric in PYs 2026-2027 will be 14-day follow-up after sepsis rather than 30-day risk-adjusted readmissions after sepsis. This change is more closely aligned with the HMS incentive for increasing post-discharge care coordination. The preoperative testing value metric definition will also be different in PYs 2026-2027. The first change is that all three included procedures (i.e., laparoscopic cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair, and lumpectomy) will be combined for scoring. Previously, each procedure was treated separately, and hospitals were scored on the best of the three. The second change is that lab testing will be included in the definition. Previously, preoperative lab tests such as complete blood count, metabolic panel, coagulation studies, and urinalysis were not included in calculating the testing rate prior to the three procedures. Going forward, MVC will identify preoperative testing that occurs in the 30 days prior to MVC-defined laparoscopic cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair, and lumpectomy for any of the following tests: complete blood count, basic metabolic panel, comprehensive metabolic panel, coagulation studies, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, cardiac stress test, chest x-ray, pulmonary function test, and urinalysis.

Brand new in PY 2026-2027 will be the addition of a claims-based health equity measure, for which hospitals will be assessed using an index of disparity (Figure 3). The index of disparity (IOD) will measure the spread of 30-day risk-adjusted all cause readmission rates for medical conditions among different payer categories within their hospital. Scoring for this measure will begin in PY 2026, but hospitals will begin to see sample scoring for this measure on their PY 2025 scorecards. Hospitals can earn the health equity point through both improvement and achievement pathways, similar to their episode spending and value metric selections.

Figure 3.

The payer mix for PYs 2026-2027 will now include Michigan Medicaid episodes in addition to the previously included BCBSM Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Commercial, BCBSM PPO Medicare Advantage, Blue Care Network (BCN) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Commercial, BCN HMO Medicare Advantage, and Medicare FFS coverage. The addition of Medicaid takes the MVC Component of the BCBSM P4P Program closer to a more diverse and representative population. Medicaid data are reflected in the baseline measures provided in the PY 2026-2027 selection reports.

Next Steps for PY 2026-2027 Selections

The P4P selection reports distributed earlier this week include tables for the various episode spending and value metric options, identifying case counts in the baseline year, the hospital’s average payment or rate of utilization, the cohort and MVC All average payments or rates, and the projected changes necessary for the hospital to earn maximum points. Accompanying the reports was a health equity measure document that details the methodology behind this newly introduced measure along with scoring examples.

For a detailed summary on the methodology, please refer to the PY 2026-2027 P4P Technical Document on the MVC P4P webpage. MVC has also developed an FAQ document to answer some of the mostly frequently asked questions regarding PY 2026-2027 changes, and is offering webinars on Nov. 19 at 1 p.m. [register here] and Nov. 21 at 10 a.m. [register here] to answer member questions. Member hospitals should submit their PY 2026-2027 selections by December 13, 2024, using this Qualtrics survey. Please contact the MVC Coordinating Center if you have any questions.